// Design patterns in software
Singleton, Factory, Observer, Strategy...
// → Named, reusable, well-known. You learn them, not invent them.

// Design patterns in Chinese
成语 (chéngyǔ): four-character idioms
// → Named, reusable, well-known. You learn them, not invent them.
// → Each one = a compressed story, principle, or observation.
// → Using one correctly = instant +50 credibility with native speakers.

// Usage: effort patterns
// 一心一意 — use as an adverb to describe HOW someone does something
她一心一意地学中文。
// She wholeheartedly studies Chinese.
// Tā yī xīn yī yì de xué zhōngwén.

// 半途而废 — use as a verb phrase or predicate
这个项目不能半途而废。
// This project can't be abandoned halfway.
// Zhège xiàngmù bù néng bàn tú ér fèi.

// Engineer translation:
// 一心一意 = single-threaded, no context switching
// 半途而废 = git stash and never pop

// 学以致用 — the philosophy behind this entire course
我们要学以致用，不只是背单词。
// We should study for practical use, not just memorize vocabulary.
// Wǒmen yào xué yǐ zhì yòng, bù zhǐ shì bèi dāncí.

// 不耻下问 — Confucius said this. Still relevant in standups.
好的工程师不耻下问。
// Good engineers aren't ashamed to ask juniors for help.
// Hǎo de gōngchéngshī bù chǐ xià wèn.

// Origin: Confucius (孔子), ~500 BC. The original Stack Overflow:
// "The man who asks a question is a fool for a minute.
//  The man who doesn't is a fool for a lifetime."
// Confucius basically invented the "no stupid questions" policy.

// 事半功倍 — every engineer's dream
用对了工具，事半功倍。
// Use the right tool and you get double results with half the effort.
// Yòng duì le gōngjù, shì bàn gōng bèi.
// Engineer translation: "Use the right abstraction."

// 水到渠成 — the anti-premature-optimization pattern
不要着急，水到渠成。
// Don't rush, when the time is right it'll happen naturally.
// Bù yào zhāojí, shuǐ dào qú chéng.
// Engineer translation: "Ship iteratively. The architecture will emerge."

// 画蛇添足 — the over-engineering anti-pattern
// Origin: A man won a drinking contest by drawing a snake fastest.
// Then, feeling clever, he added legs to his snake.
// While he drew legs, someone else finished — and won.
// The legs were unnecessary. He lost by adding them.

这个功能已经够了，别画蛇添足。
// This feature is enough already, don't over-engineer it.
// Zhège gōngnéng yǐjīng gòu le, bié huà shé tiān zú.

// 自相矛盾 — logical contradiction
// Origin: A merchant sold "the sharpest spear" and
// "the strongest shield." Someone asked: "What happens
// if your spear hits your shield?" He had no answer.
// The word 矛盾 (máodùn, "contradiction") literally means "spear-shield."

你的需求文档自相矛盾。
// Your requirements doc contradicts itself.
// Nǐ de xūqiú wéndàng zì xiāng máo dùn.

// 一举两得 — efficiency through design
学中文可以一举两得：了解文化，也能帮助工作。
// Learning Chinese kills two birds: understand culture AND help your career.
// Xué zhōngwén kěyǐ yī jǔ liǎng dé: liǎojiě wénhuà, yě néng bāngzhù gōngzuò.

// 入乡随俗 — the adapter pattern for humans
到了中国要入乡随俗。
// When you arrive in China, follow local customs.
// Dào le zhōngguó yào rù xiāng suí sú.
// Engineer translation: implement the local interface.

// 乱七八糟 — what legacy code looks like
这个代码库乱七八糟。
// This codebase is a total mess.
// Zhège dàimǎ kù luàn qī bā zāo.
// (You'll use this one more than you'd like.)

// Short patterns — your utility belt

utils.encourage()    // → 加油！ (jiā yóu!)
utils.meh()          // → 马马虎虎 (mǎmǎhūhū)
utils.closeEnough()  // → 差不多 (chàbuduō)
utils.noWay()        // → 没办法 (méi bànfǎ)
utils.whatever()     // → 随便 (suíbiàn)

// 差不多 is possibly the most-used expression in all of Chinese.
// It's the "approximately equal" operator: ≈
// "Is this done?" → "差不多。" (≈ done)
// "Are they the same?" → "差不多。" (≈ same)
// "How's your Chinese?" → "差不多。" (≈ okay, i.e., so-so)

// Chengyu grammar — they're modular components

// As adverb: HOW you do it (chengyu + 地 + verb)
一心一意地工作          // work wholeheartedly

// As predicate: WHAT the subject IS (subject + chengyu)
他的方法自相矛盾        // His approach is self-contradictory

// As adjective: WHICH noun (chengyu + 的 + noun)
事半功倍的方法           // A method that gets double results

// As standalone verb phrase: the action itself
入乡随俗！              // When in Rome! (do as the Romans do)

/**
 * Chinese Design Patterns v1.0
 *
 * CHENGYU (成语):
 * - Four-character idioms = design patterns
 * - Learn 10-15, deploy precisely, sound cultured
 * - Categories: effort, learning, success, warning, daily
 *
 * SHORT IDIOMS:
 * - 加油 (go for it), 差不多 (close enough), 没办法 (no way)
 * - 马马虎虎 (so-so), 随便 (whatever)
 *
 * GRAMMAR:
 * - Adverb: chengyu + 地 + verb
 * - Predicate: subject + chengyu
 * - Adjective: chengyu + 的 + noun
 * - Verb phrase: subject + chengyu
 *
 * KEY PRINCIPLE:
 * - Quality over quantity. One well-placed chengyu > ten forced ones.
 * - It's the same as code: clarity beats cleverness.
 *
 * NEXT MODULE: Tech Chinese
 * → Engineering vocabulary for standups, code reviews, and architecture.
 */